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Bending

There are five typical methods of bending currently used in industry today: rolling, incremental bending, hot bending, rotary-draw bending, and induction bending. Although ISF is generally very slow, it is of interest because no or only a simple and cheap tool is required, making the process ideal for small-series production.

Each method has its advantages. Some methods are more commonly used in the steel construction industry, while others are more common in the automobile or other manufacturing industries:

Rolling (cold bending)

is a continuous bending operation in which a long strip of metal (typically coiled steel) is passed through consecutive sets of rollers, or stands, each performing only an incremental part of the bend, until the desired cross-section profile is obtained.

Incremental bending or gag pressing

is usually used for cambering and curving to very large radii. Bending is achieved by applying point loads with a hydraulic ram or press at the member’s third point.

Hot bending

is the process by which a structural member is heated directly and then bent. The heat source could be a direct flame or furnace. This application is used extensively in repair.